Renormalizálhatónak

Renormalizálhatónak translates from Hungarian to English as "renormalizable". In the context of theoretical physics, particularly quantum field theory, renormalizability is a crucial property of a theory. A theory is considered renormalizable if its infinities, which arise in calculations due to loop diagrams, can be systematically removed by redefining a finite number of parameters in the theory. These parameters are typically the masses and coupling constants of the particles described by the theory.

When calculations in a quantum field theory produce infinite results, it indicates that the theory as it stands is not a complete or predictive description of reality at all energy scales. Renormalization is a procedure that allows physicists to extract meaningful, finite predictions from these theories. A theory is deemed "renormalizable" if this process requires only a finite number of such redefinitions. This means that the theory can be consistently used to make predictions at any energy scale, provided the original parameters are adjusted appropriately.

Non-renormalizable theories, on the other hand, require an infinite number of redefinitions to absorb infinities. This implies that such theories are typically understood as effective field theories, valid only up to a certain energy scale. Beyond that scale, new physics is expected to emerge, and the theory would need to be replaced by a more fundamental one. The Standard Model of particle physics is a renormalizable theory, which contributes to its success in describing experimental observations.