Putkivaihdinta

Putkivaihdin, also known as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, is a common type of heat exchange device used in various industrial processes. Its primary function is to transfer heat between two fluids, typically a liquid and a gas or two liquids, without allowing them to mix. The design consists of a bundle of tubes enclosed within a larger cylindrical shell. One fluid flows through the tubes, while the other flows around them within the shell.

The construction of a putkivaihdin allows for efficient heat transfer due to the large surface area provided by the tubes. The materials used for both the shell and the tubes are chosen based on the properties of the fluids being handled, such as temperature, pressure, and corrosiveness. Common materials include various types of steel, copper alloys, and sometimes titanium.

Putkivaihdin designs can vary significantly to optimize performance for specific applications. Factors like the number of tubes, their diameter and length, and the flow arrangement of the fluids influence the heat transfer rate. Baffles are often incorporated within the shell to direct the flow of the shell-side fluid, increasing turbulence and thus enhancing heat transfer.

These devices are widely employed in industries such as chemical processing, oil and gas refining, power generation, and refrigeration. They are crucial for heating, cooling, condensing, and vaporizing fluids, playing a vital role in maintaining operational efficiency and controlling process temperatures. The reliability and robustness of putkivaihdin technology make it a cornerstone of many industrial heat exchange applications.