Polükarboksülaadid

Polükarboksülaadid is the Estonian term for polycarboxylates. These are polymers that contain multiple carboxylic acid functional groups. Polycarboxylates are a broad class of compounds with diverse applications, particularly in areas where their ability to interact with ions or other molecules is beneficial.

One of the most significant applications of polycarboxylates is as superplasticizers in concrete. In this role, they improve the workability and reduce the water content of concrete mixtures, leading to stronger and more durable hardened concrete. They function by adsorbing onto the surface of cement particles, imparting a negative charge and causing electrostatic repulsion. This dispersion of particles prevents them from agglomerating, allowing for a more fluid mix.

Beyond construction, polycarboxylates find use in detergents as builders, helping to soften water by chelating calcium and magnesium ions. They are also employed in water treatment as scale inhibitors, preventing the formation of mineral deposits in pipes and industrial equipment. Their ability to bind metal ions makes them useful in various chemical processes and in the development of specialized materials. The specific properties and applications of a polycarboxylate depend heavily on its molecular structure, including the length of the polymer chain and the spacing and type of carboxylic acid groups.