PP2

PP2, also known as protein phosphatase 2, is a crucial serine/threonine phosphatase found in eukaryotic cells. It is a major enzyme responsible for dephosphorylating a vast array of proteins, playing a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes. PP2 exists as a heterotrimer, composed of a catalytic subunit, a regulatory subunit, and a smaller structural subunit. The diversity of PP2's functions stems from the variety of regulatory subunits, which target the phosphatase to specific substrates and cellular locations, thereby controlling its activity.

The substrates of PP2 are widespread and include key proteins involved in cell cycle progression, DNA replication and repair, signal transduction, muscle contraction, and metabolism. Its dephosphorylating activity is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stimuli. Dysregulation of PP2 activity has been implicated in a range of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases, highlighting its importance in health and disease. Research into PP2 continues to uncover its intricate roles in cellular function and its potential as a therapeutic target.