Lipólisis

Lipólisis is a metabolic process that breaks down stored triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. This process occurs primarily in adipocytes, or fat cells, and is crucial for energy regulation in the body. When the body requires energy, such as during fasting or exercise, hormones like glucagon and epinephrine trigger the activation of enzymes called lipases within fat cells. These lipases then hydrolyze the triglycerides, releasing their components into the bloodstream. Glycerol is transported to the liver and can be used for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids are utilized by various tissues for energy production through a process called beta-oxidation. Lipólisis is a tightly regulated process, influenced by hormonal signals, nutritional status, and physical activity. While essential for mobilizing stored energy, excessive or uncontrolled lipólisis can have implications for metabolic health.