Lglycerol3phosphate

L-glycerol-3-phosphate, also known as sn-glycerol-3-phosphate or glycerophosphoric acid, is a fundamental molecule in biological systems. It is a phosphorylated derivative of glycerol, a simple alcohol. In its L-configuration, it is a chiral molecule that plays a crucial role as a precursor in the synthesis of various lipids, including phospholipids and triglycerides.

This compound is a key intermediate in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, the pathways for glucose metabolism. During glycolysis, it is produced from the reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Conversely, in gluconeogenesis, it is formed from glycerol. L-glycerol-3-phosphate is also a central component of the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, which facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria, impacting cellular respiration and ATP production. Furthermore, it serves as a substrate for glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, an enzyme essential for the initial step in triglyceride and phospholipid biosynthesis. Its presence is vital for cell membrane structure and energy storage.