Leksikaalne

Leksikaalne is an Estonian adjective meaning related to the lexicon or vocabulary of a language. In linguistics and related fields, it is used to describe aspects that concern words as units of meaning, their forms, and their relations, as distinct from phonology or syntax. The term is derived from leksikaal- (lexical) and is common in descriptions of vocabulary, dictionaries, and language corpora.

Leksikaalne tähendus refers to the core meaning of a word that is stored in dictionaries, i.e., its lexical meaning, and is distinguished from grammatical meaning which emerges from how a word functions in a sentence or its inflection. In practice, leksikaalne data helps researchers and learners understand what a word means, which other words it relates to, and how it can be used in different contexts.

In lexicography and corpus linguistics, leksikaalne information includes the headword, part of speech, pronunciation, inflectional paradigm, etymology, synonyms, antonyms, collocations, and semantic field. Lexical relations such as polysemy, homonymy, hyponymy, and meronymy are also handled within the leksikaalne dimension, illustrating how words are connected within the vocabulary of a language.

In computational linguistics, leksikaalne processing comprises tasks such as tokenization, lemmatization, and part-of-speech tagging, producing a structured representation of lexical units and their lemmas for further analysis.

Overall, leksikaalne emphasizes the vocabulary and lexical relations that constitute the language’s word stock, distinct from its grammatical rules or phonetic systems.