Lacrimalcaruncula

The lacrimal caruncle, scientifically known as the lacrimal caruncula, is a small, reddish mass located in the medial corner of the eye, within the lacus lacrimalis. This structure is part of the lacrimal apparatus, which is responsible for tear production and drainage. The lacrimal caruncle is composed of modified skin containing sebaceous glands and small accessory lacrimal glands. It also features several stiff hairs, or cilia, which are essentially modified sweat glands.

The primary function of the lacrimal caruncle is to contribute to the lubrication of the eye. The sebaceous glands within it secrete a lipid-rich substance that helps to prevent the rapid evaporation of tears, forming the outermost layer of the tear film. The accessory lacrimal glands also contribute to tear production, though to a lesser extent than the main lacrimal glands. The cilia on the caruncle can help to trap debris and prevent it from entering the eye.

Occasionally, the lacrimal caruncle can become inflamed, a condition known as carunculitis. This can lead to redness, swelling, and discomfort in the medial corner of the eye. It is important to note that the lacrimal caruncle is a normal anatomical structure and plays a vital role in maintaining ocular health and comfort.