Lämpökerroslaitteita

Lämpökerroslaitteita, or stratified thermal storage systems, are devices designed to store thermal energy by creating and maintaining distinct temperature layers within a storage medium, typically water. The principle behind these systems is that warmer, less dense water rises to the top, while cooler, denser water sinks to the bottom, creating a stable stratification. This vertical temperature gradient allows for more efficient use of stored heat.

The construction of a lämpökerroslaite usually involves a tall, insulated tank. The inlet and outlet pipes are strategically placed at different heights to facilitate the stratification process. For example, hot water from a heat source like solar collectors or a boiler is introduced near the top of the tank, while cooler return water is drawn from the bottom. This arrangement minimizes mixing between the layers, preserving the temperature difference.

The primary advantage of lämpökerroslaitteita is their ability to store heat at different temperature levels simultaneously. This means that heat can be extracted for different applications at their optimal temperatures. For instance, high-temperature heat stored at the top can be used for domestic hot water, while lower-temperature heat from the middle or bottom layers can be used for space heating. This leads to improved system efficiency and reduced energy waste compared to conventional storage tanks where the entire volume tends to reach a uniform temperature.

These systems are particularly beneficial in applications that involve intermittent heat sources, such as solar thermal energy, or in buildings with varying heating demands. By effectively managing the stored heat and its temperature profile, lämpökerroslaitteita contribute to energy savings and a more sustainable energy system.