Kõhuvaagnaõõt

Kõhuvaagnaõõt, also known as the abdominal cavity or peritoneal cavity, is the anatomical space within the abdomen that contains and protects the internal organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction. This cavity is lined by the peritoneum, a serous membrane that secretes fluid to reduce friction between organs and the surrounding tissues.

The abdominal cavity houses several vital organs, including the stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, intestines, and in females, the uterus and ovaries. The organs within this cavity are suspended by mesenteries, which are folds of the peritoneum that provide structural support and contain blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic tissues.

The abdominal cavity is separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm, a muscular partition that plays a crucial role in respiration. The lower boundary of the abdominal cavity is formed by the pelvic bones, which demarcate the transition to the pelvic cavity.

Diseases or conditions affecting the abdominal cavity can include infections such as peritonitis, organ-specific pathologies like gastritis or appendicitis, and structural abnormalities. Symptoms of abdominal cavity disorders may include pain, swelling, nausea, vomiting, or changes in bowel habits. Diagnosis typically involves physical examination, imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans, and laboratory tests.

Maintaining a healthy abdominal cavity involves a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding excessive alcohol and tobacco use. Proper hygiene and prompt medical attention for symptoms of abdominal distress are essential for preventing complications.