Kärkimeristeemi

Kärkimeristeemi, also known as apical meristem, is a region of actively dividing plant cells found at the tips of roots and shoots. These meristematic tissues are responsible for primary growth, which increases the length of the plant. The cells within the kärkimeristeemi are undifferentiated and possess thin cell walls, small vacuoles, and large nuclei. They undergo continuous mitotic division.

In shoots, the kärkimeristeemi produces new leaves and flowers, contributing to the plant's overall height and branching. It is protected by young leaves or stipules. In roots, the kärkimeristeemi is responsible for the elongation of the root system, allowing the plant to anchor itself and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. This root apical meristem is typically covered by a protective layer of cells called the root cap.

The kärkimeristeemi is crucial for plant development and survival. It allows plants to adapt to their environment by continuously producing new growth. Damage to the kärkimeristeemi can severely stunt or halt plant growth. Hormones like auxins play a significant role in regulating the activity of the kärkimeristeemi.