Kohéziója

Kohéziója, also spelled cohesion, refers to the degree to which the elements of a text are connected and unified. It is a fundamental aspect of coherence, which is the overall logical structure and flow of a text. Cohesion is achieved through various linguistic devices, including reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction, and lexical cohesion.

Reference involves the use of pronouns, demonstratives, and other referring expressions to connect ideas within a text. For example, "The cat chased the mouse. It then ran away." Here, "It" refers back to "the mouse," creating a cohesive link between the two sentences.

Substitution replaces a word or phrase with a synonym or near-synonym to maintain cohesion. For instance, "The car was very fast. It was also very swift." Here, "swift" is used to substitute "fast."

Ellipsis occurs when part of a sentence is omitted to avoid repetition. For example, "I like apples. I also like oranges." The second sentence omits "I like" to maintain cohesion.

Conjunctions, such as "and," "but," and "because," are used to connect ideas and create a cohesive structure. For example, "I went to the store, and I bought some milk."

Lexical cohesion involves the repetition of words or the use of semantically related words to create a cohesive text. For example, "The cat chased the mouse. The mouse ran away." Here, "cat" and "mouse" are repeated, creating a cohesive link between the two sentences.

Cohesion is crucial for effective communication, as it helps readers understand the relationships between ideas and follow the text's logical flow. It is a key component of good writing and is essential for conveying information clearly and effectively.