Klástikus

Klástikus is a term used in geology to describe sedimentary rocks that are composed of clasts, which are fragments of pre-existing rocks and minerals. These clasts can vary in size, from fine sand grains to large boulders. The origin of these clasts is typically erosion and weathering of terrestrial rocks. The process of clastic rock formation involves the transportation of these fragments by agents such as water, wind, or ice, followed by their deposition and subsequent lithification, which is the process of turning loose sediment into solid rock.

Common examples of clastic sedimentary rocks include sandstone, conglomerate, breccia, and shale. Sandstone is characterized by sand-sized clasts, while conglomerate contains rounded pebbles and cobbles. Breccia, on the other hand, is composed of angular fragments. Shale is made up of very fine-grained clasts, primarily clay minerals. The texture and composition of clastic rocks provide valuable information about the geological history of the area where they are found, including the source of the sediment, the distance and mode of transport, and the environmental conditions during deposition. The study of clastic rocks is fundamental to understanding sedimentary processes and the Earth's surface evolution.