Júgóslavíu

Júgóslavía, known in English as Yugoslavia, was a country in Southeast Europe that existed for most of the 20th century. Its origins can be traced back to the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires after World War I. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed in 1918, and was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. This kingdom was invaded and occupied by the Axis powers in 1941 during World War II.

Following the war, Yugoslavia was re-established as a socialist federal republic under the leadership of Marshal Josip Broz Tito. It was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement, pursuing a path independent of both the Soviet Union and the Western bloc during the Cold War. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia consisted of six constituent republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.

After Tito's death in 1980, ethnic tensions and economic difficulties began to rise within the federation. The country gradually disintegrated in the early 1990s, leading to a series of wars of independence. The breakup of Yugoslavia resulted in the formation of several new independent states, including Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Kosovo, the latter's independence being a subject of ongoing international dispute.