Hipertonia

Hypertonia is a medical term describing increased muscle tone. It is a symptom that can arise from various neurological conditions affecting the central nervous system, including stroke, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis. In hypertonia, muscles are abnormally stiff and resist stretching. This rigidity can affect voluntary movement, leading to difficulties with walking, grasping, and performing everyday tasks. The increased muscle tension can also cause pain, spasms, and contractures, which are permanent tightening of muscles and joints. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination to assess muscle resistance and range of motion, and may be supplemented by imaging or other neurological tests to identify the underlying cause. Treatment strategies aim to reduce muscle stiffness, improve function, and alleviate discomfort. These can include physical therapy, occupational therapy, medications such as muscle relaxants, and in some cases, surgical interventions. The severity and impact of hypertonia vary greatly depending on the individual and the underlying condition.