GöteborgProtokoll

The Göteborg Protocol, officially known as the Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-Level Ozone, is a legally binding international treaty aimed at reducing air pollution across Europe. It was adopted in the Swedish city of Gothenburg in November 1999 and entered into force in May 2005. The Protocol is part of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP).

The core objective of the Göteborg Protocol is to reduce emissions of four key air pollutants that contribute to acidification, eutrophication, and ground-level ozone. These pollutants are sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Protocol sets national emission ceilings for these substances for each signatory country, which must be met by specific deadlines.

Key provisions of the Protocol include the implementation of best available techniques for industrial emissions, stricter emission standards for various sectors such as energy production and transport, and measures to control emissions from agriculture. The Protocol emphasizes the importance of monitoring and reporting emissions to ensure compliance and to assess the effectiveness of the implemented measures. It also includes mechanisms for cooperation and exchange of information among Parties.

The Göteborg Protocol has been instrumental in driving significant reductions in air pollution across Europe. By setting clear targets and promoting the adoption of cleaner technologies and practices, it has contributed to improved air quality, reduced environmental damage from acidification and eutrophication, and mitigated the harmful effects of ground-level ozone. The Protocol continues to be a vital instrument in the ongoing effort to achieve sustainable air quality in the UNECE region.