Glossátók

Glossátók, also known as glossators, were medieval scholars who specialized in the study and interpretation of Roman law, particularly the Corpus Juris Civilis compiled by Justinian I. They emerged in the 11th century in Bologna, Italy, which became the center of legal studies. The primary role of a glossator was to provide glosses, which were annotations or explanations written in the margins or between the lines of legal texts. These glosses clarified obscure passages, defined legal terms, reconciled apparent contradictions, and offered brief legal opinions.

The most significant output of the glossators was the Glossa Ordinaria, a compilation of the most important glosses on the Corpus Juris Civilis, attributed primarily to Accursius in the 13th century. This comprehensive collection became the standard commentary on Roman law for centuries, influencing legal education and practice throughout Europe. The glossators played a crucial role in the revival of Roman law during the Middle Ages, laying the groundwork for the development of modern legal systems. Their work facilitated the transmission of Roman legal principles to later jurists and scholars, contributing to the formation of canon law and the development of legal science.