Geofiták

Geofiták is a term used in botany to describe perennial plants whose perennating organs, such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes, or tubers, are located underground. These subterranean structures serve as storage organs for nutrients and water, allowing the plant to survive unfavorable conditions like extreme temperatures, drought, or fire. When conditions become favorable again, the stored reserves enable the geophyte to sprout and grow. This adaptation is common in various plant families and is found across diverse ecosystems worldwide. Examples of geophytes include tulips, daffodils, gladioli, potatoes, and many species of lilies and irises. The survival strategy of geophytes is crucial for their persistence in environments that experience seasonal dormancy or periodic disturbances. The underground organs can also play a role in vegetative reproduction, allowing the plant to spread and colonize new areas. The depth and type of these organs can vary significantly, influencing the plant's resilience to different environmental pressures.