Fotoszisztmából

Fotoszisztmából is a Hungarian term that translates to "from the photosystem" in English. It refers to the process by which light energy is captured and converted into chemical energy within the photosynthetic apparatus of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Photosystems are complexes of proteins and pigments, primarily chlorophyll, located within the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

There are two main types of photosystems involved in oxygenic photosynthesis: Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI). PSII is responsible for the initial absorption of light energy and the splitting of water molecules, a process known as photolysis. This releases electrons, protons, and oxygen. The electrons then travel through an electron transport chain, ultimately reaching PSI. PSI also absorbs light energy and uses it to energize these electrons further, which are then used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. Both NADPH and ATP, generated during the electron transport chain, are crucial energy carriers for the subsequent synthesis of carbohydrates during the Calvin cycle.

The term "fotoszisztmából" emphasizes the origin of the energy and electrons used in photosynthesis. It highlights that these essential components for life's energy production originate from within these specialized molecular machines. Understanding the processes occurring "fotoszisztmából" is fundamental to comprehending how light energy is transformed into the chemical bonds that sustain most ecosystems on Earth.