Elektrofysiologisia

Elektrofysiologisia is a term derived from Greek roots, meaning "electro" (related to electricity), "physo" (related to nature or function), and "logos" (study). It refers to the study of the electrical properties and functions of living organisms. This field investigates how electrical signals are generated, transmitted, and utilized within biological systems. At its core, elektrofysiologisia examines the movement of ions across cell membranes, which creates electrical potentials. These potentials are fundamental to the functioning of many tissues and organs, particularly excitable cells like neurons and muscle cells.

Key areas within elektrofysiologisia include neurophysiology, cardiology, and electrophysiology of sensory organs. Neurophysiology focuses on the electrical activity of the nervous system, including how neurons communicate through action potentials and synaptic transmission. Cardiology applies elektrofysiologisia principles to understand the electrical activity of the heart, which governs its rhythm and pumping action. This understanding is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiac arrhythmias. Furthermore, the electrical signals generated by sensory receptors, such as those in the eyes and ears, are also a subject of elektrofysiologisia research. Techniques like electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and patch-clamp electrophysiology are vital tools used in this discipline to measure and analyze these electrical phenomena.