ENTPD2

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2, also known as ENTPD2, is an enzyme encoded by the ENTPD2 gene. This enzyme belongs to the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase family, which are integral membrane proteins found on the cell surface. ENTPD2 plays a role in the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleoside triphosphates and nucleoside diphosphates. Specifically, it acts as a type of ATPase and GTPase, catalyzing the cleavage of the phosphate bonds in these molecules.

The primary function of ENTPD2 is to break down extracellular ATP and GTP into their corresponding monophosphate forms, AMP and GMP, and inorganic phosphate. This enzymatic activity is important for regulating the levels of extracellular nucleotides, which can act as signaling molecules. By controlling these extracellular nucleotide concentrations, ENTPD2 influences various cellular processes.

Research suggests that ENTPD2 is involved in processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses. Its expression has been observed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, and immune cells. The precise physiological roles of ENTPD2 are still being investigated, but it is understood to contribute to the extracellular purinergic signaling network. Dysregulation of ENTPD2 activity has been implicated in certain disease states, highlighting its potential significance in health and disease.