Dialüüsimembraanist

Dialüüsimembraanist is a semipermeable barrier used in dialysis to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood. These membranes are typically made of synthetic polymers such as polysulfone, polyethersulfone, or cellulose derivatives. The key characteristic of a dialüüsimembraanist is its pore size, which is carefully controlled to allow small molecules like urea, creatinine, and electrolytes to pass through while retaining larger molecules like proteins and blood cells.

During hemodialysis, blood flows on one side of the dialüüsimembraanist and a dialysis fluid, or dialysate, flows on the other. The concentration gradient between the blood and the dialysate drives the movement of waste products from the blood into the dialysate. Similarly, excess fluid is removed through a process called ultrafiltration, driven by a pressure gradient across the membrane.

Dialüüsimembraanist are designed to be biocompatible, meaning they do not trigger a significant adverse immune response in the patient. They are also engineered for efficient solute removal and optimal fluid balance. Different types of dialüüsimembraanist exist, varying in their surface area, pore size distribution, and material composition, allowing for personalized treatment based on individual patient needs. The effectiveness and safety of dialysis are heavily reliant on the performance and integrity of the dialüüsimembraanist.