Deklínací

Deklínací is a term used in linguistics to describe the inflection of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in many languages. It involves changing the form of a word to indicate its grammatical function within a sentence. This grammatical function can include case, number, and gender. Case refers to the role a word plays in relation to other words, such as subject, object, or possessor. Number indicates whether the word is singular or plural. Gender is a grammatical category that assigns words to classes, which may or may not correspond to natural sex.

Languages like German, Russian, and Latin extensively use declension. For example, in Latin, the noun "rosa" (rose) changes its ending depending on whether it is the subject (rosa), the direct object (rosam), or in the genitive case indicating possession (rosae). English has largely lost its extensive declension system, retaining only remnants in pronouns (I, me, my) and possessive forms (John's). The process of declension is crucial for understanding sentence structure and meaning in languages that employ it. Different languages have different sets of cases and grammatical rules governing declension.