Cartesiankoordinaatteja

Cartesian coordinates, also known as rectangular coordinates, are a system used to define the precise location of a point in space. Invented by René Descartes, this system relies on a set of perpendicular axes. In two dimensions, these axes are typically labeled the x-axis (horizontal) and the y-axis (vertical). Their intersection point is called the origin, which is designated as the coordinate (0,0). Each point in this plane is uniquely identified by an ordered pair of numbers (x, y), where the first number represents the horizontal distance from the origin along the x-axis and the second number represents the vertical distance from the origin along the y-axis.

In three dimensions, a third axis, the z-axis, is added, which is perpendicular to both the x and y axes. Points in three-dimensional space are then represented by an ordered triplet of numbers (x, y, z). The Cartesian coordinate system is fundamental in mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer graphics, providing a standardized way to describe geometric shapes and relationships, and enabling the development of calculus and analytical geometry.