Brennstoffschmelze

Brennstoffschmelze, also known as fuel melting, is a severe nuclear reactor accident that occurs when the fuel rods in a nuclear reactor core melt due to overheating. This can happen if the reactor's cooling systems fail, leading to a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). The melting of fuel rods can release radioactive materials into the reactor's containment structure, potentially leading to a radioactive release into the environment.

The process of fuel melting begins when the fuel rods in the reactor core exceed their melting point, typically around 2,800 degrees Celsius. This can happen if the reactor's cooling systems fail, leading to a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). The melting of fuel rods can release radioactive materials into the reactor's containment structure, potentially leading to a radioactive release into the environment.

The consequences of a Brennstoffschmelze can be catastrophic. The release of radioactive materials can contaminate the environment, leading to long-term health and environmental impacts. The damaged reactor may also require extensive and expensive cleanup and decommissioning, further exacerbating the economic and social costs of the accident.

Preventing Brennstoffschmelze is a critical goal for nuclear reactor operators. This involves maintaining the integrity of the reactor's cooling systems, regularly inspecting and maintaining the reactor's components, and implementing robust safety measures to prevent and mitigate the consequences of a LOCA. In the event of a LOCA, operators must act quickly to restore cooling to the reactor and prevent fuel melting.