BPTF

BPTF, short for Bromodomain PHD finger Transcription Factor, is a protein encoded by the human BPTF gene. It is the largest subunit of the NURF chromatin remodeling complex, which regulates access to DNA by remodeling nucleosomes. BPTF contains a bromodomain and a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger that recognize histone marks, helping to direct the remodeling activity to regions of active chromatin.

Function: As part of NURF, BPTF participates in ATP-dependent repositioning of nucleosomes, enabling transcription, DNA replication, and repair. Its bromodomain binds acetylated lysines and its PHD finger binds methylated histones, allowing recruitment of the remodeling complex to regulatory elements and facilitating access to DNA.

Biological role: BPTF is broadly expressed and contributes to development and differentiation. Mouse models show that loss of Bptf causes embryonic lethality and defects in gastrulation and neural development, indicating a essential function in early development. In cells, BPTF influences transcriptional programs governing pluripotency and lineage specification.

Clinical relevance: Alterations and changes in expression of BPTF have been linked to cancer and developmental disorders in some studies, underscoring its role in transcriptional regulation through chromatin remodeling. Ongoing research aims to clarify its contributions to human health and disease and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.

See also: NURF chromatin remodeling complex, ISWI family, bromodomain, PHD finger.