Adrenoreseptorijärjestelmän
Adrenoreseptorijärjestelmä, better known as the adrenergic receptor system, consists of G‑protein‑coupled receptors that bind catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine. The system is divided into two major classes: alpha (α) and beta (β). Alpha receptors are further subdivided into α1 and α2 subtypes, while beta receptors include β1, β2 and β3. Each subtype displays distinct tissue distribution and intracellular signaling pathways.
α1 receptors are predominantly found in vascular smooth muscle, where their activation causes vasoconstriction and an
The adrenoreceptor system is essential for the acute “fight‑or‑flight” response, governing cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic and neuroendocrine
Understanding the subtype‑specific actions and regulation of the adrenergic receptors remains a focus of ongoing research,