2Propanol

2-propanol, also called isopropyl alcohol or isopropanol, is a colorless, flammable liquid widely used as a solvent and disinfectant.

It has the chemical formula C3H8O and a secondary alcohol functional group; its structural formula is CH3-CHOH-CH3.

Physical properties include a boiling point of 82.6°C, a density of about 0.786 g/cm3 at 20°C, and miscibility with water in all proportions. It forms an azeotropic mixture with water, which affects purification by distillation.

In industry, 2-propanol is mainly produced by the catalytic hydration of propylene to give isopropanol; an alternative route involves hydrogenation of acetone, a byproduct of other processes.

Common uses include serving as a versatile solvent for inks, varnishes, oils, resins, and essential oils; and as a component in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It is a main constituent of many rubbing alcohol preparations, typically used in concentrations from about 60 to 99%.

Safety considerations include its highly flammable nature and potential to form ignitable vapors. Exposure can irritate skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract, and ingestion may cause intoxication and central nervous system depression. Proper ventilation, storage away from heat sources, and adherence to handling guidelines are recommended.