Þvagfæralækningum

Þvagfæralækningum, also known as urology, is a medical specialty that focuses on the surgical and medical diseases of the urinary tract of males and females, and on the reproductive system of males. Urologists diagnose and treat conditions affecting the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and the male reproductive organs.

Common conditions treated by urologists include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, bladder control problems (incontinence), enlarged prostate in men, and male infertility. They also manage cancers of the prostate, bladder, kidneys, and testes. Diagnostic procedures may involve urine tests, blood tests, imaging such as ultrasounds or CT scans, and cystoscopy, where a small camera is inserted into the bladder.

Treatment options vary widely depending on the condition and can include medication, minimally invasive procedures like laser therapy or shock wave lithotripsy for kidney stones, and surgical interventions. Urologists play a crucial role in both general health and specialized care for a significant portion of the population.