waxeating

Waxeating is the practice of ingesting wax substances, such as paraffin wax, beeswax, or candle wax. It is most commonly described as a form of pica, a broader condition defined by persistent cravings for non-nutritive substances.

Causes and demographics: Waxeating can occur in children, adults with developmental disorders or mental health conditions, and during pregnancy. It is often associated with pica and may be linked to nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron deficiency, though the exact causes vary among individuals. Many cases are isolated and short-lived; others persist and require intervention.

Health risks and complications: Ingested wax can cause choking, blockages (intestinal or gastric), bezoars, dental damage, and irritation of the digestive tract. Impure or contaminated wax may introduce toxins or heavy metals. Evaluation typically includes medical history, physical examination, and assessment for underlying conditions such as anemia; imaging may be used if obstruction is suspected.

Management and prognosis: Treatment focuses on addressing underlying causes (iron supplementation if deficient, management of pregnancy-related pica, or psychiatric/behavioral therapy). Behavioral strategies, counseling, and removing access to wax are common components. Prognosis varies with the underlying condition and the persistence of the behavior.

See also: pica; paraffin ingestion; bezoar.