splanchnicnerveistä

The splanchnic nerves are a group of nerves in the sympathetic nervous system that innervate the abdominal viscera. They originate from the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral sympathetic ganglia and primarily carry sympathetic efferent and afferent fibers. The thoracic splanchnic nerves, consisting of the greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves, arise from the thoracic sympathetic chain ganglia and supply organs in the upper and mid-abdomen, including the stomach, intestines, spleen, and pancreas. The lumbar splanchnic nerves arise from the lumbar sympathetic ganglia and innervate structures in the lower abdomen. Sacral splanchnic nerves originate from the sacral sympathetic ganglia and innervate pelvic organs.

These nerves play a crucial role in regulating various autonomic functions of the abdominal organs. Sympathetic stimulation via the splanchnic nerves leads to effects such as decreased gastrointestinal motility and secretions, vasoconstriction of abdominal blood vessels, and increased glucose release from the liver. They also transmit visceral pain sensation from the abdominal organs to the central nervous system. Conditions affecting the splanchnic nerves can lead to a range of gastrointestinal and pain disorders.