spektrofotometría

Spektrofotometría is a quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. It is a technique used to determine how much light a chemical substance absorbs or transmits. A spektrofotometer is an instrument that measures the intensity of light as a function of wavelength. It works by passing a beam of light through a sample and then measuring the amount of light that is transmitted or absorbed. The wavelength of light that is used is selected by a monochromator. The amount of light absorbed or transmitted is then detected and recorded.

The principle behind spektrofotometría is based on Beer-Lambert law, which states that the absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solute and the path length of the light through the solution. This law allows for the determination of the concentration of a substance in a solution if its molar absorptivity and path length are known, or vice versa. Spektrofotometría is widely used in various fields, including chemistry, biology, physics, and environmental science. It is employed for identifying unknown substances, quantifying known substances, and studying chemical reactions. Applications include analyzing the purity of compounds, determining enzyme activity, monitoring water quality, and diagnosing medical conditions.