secondtrimester

Second trimester is the middle period of pregnancy, commonly defined as gestational weeks 13 through 27 or 28. During this stage, fetal development accelerates, organs mature, and movement becomes more noticeable. The risk of miscarriage decreases compared with the first trimester, and many people report improved energy and reduced nausea.

Fetal development progresses significantly in this phase. The fetus grows rapidly and develops more distinct features. By mid-pregnancy, the sex may be visible on ultrasound, and facial features, fingers, and toes are well formed. Mothers often begin to feel fetal movements, known as quickening, around 18 to 20 weeks. The anatomy ultrasound, typically performed between 18 and 22 weeks, assesses the heart, brain, spine, limbs, and major organs.

Screenings and tests commonly occur during the second trimester. A detailed anatomy ultrasound is typical, and additional blood tests or genetic screenings may be offered depending on risk factors and preferences. A glucose tolerance test for gestational diabetes is usually conducted between 24 and 28 weeks. Routine prenatal visits continue to monitor fetal growth, placental position, blood pressure, and maternal health.

Maternal changes and care are an important aspect of this period. Side effects from early pregnancy often lessen, but new symptoms such as heartburn, backache, leg cramps, and shortness of breath can occur as the uterus expands. Weight gain and breast changes are common. Maintaining healthy habits—balanced nutrition, regular activity as advised, hydration, and continuing prenatal vitamins—remains important. Avoiding harmful substances and foods is advised, and medical guidance should be sought for any concerning symptoms.