putrid

Putrid is an adjective describing a strong, unpleasant odor associated with decay. It is most commonly used for organic matter that is decomposing, such as spoiled food, rotting meat, or waste. The term derives from Latin putridus “rotten,” via Old French putride; the root putr- relates to putre- meaning rotten.

In biology, putrefaction refers to the anaerobic decomposition of proteins by bacteria and other microorganisms, producing volatile compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, cadaverine, putrescine, indole, and skatole. This process, aided by warmth and moisture, is responsible for the characteristic foul smell of decaying tissue, carcasses, and sewage.

In everyday language, putrid is used for both literal smells and metaphorical corruption: putrid meat, putrid odors, or a putrid crime or scheme referring to morally repugnant acts or practices. The word carries strong negative connotations and is more emphatic than simply rotten.