povrchovou

Povrchovou is a declined feminine singular form of the Czech and Slovak adjective povrchový, meaning relating to the surface or superficial. It is used to modify feminine nouns in the instrumental case, for example povrchovou vrstvou or povrchovou úpravou. The word itself is not a separate lemma in standard dictionaries; it appears as part of phrases describing surface characteristics, treatments, or surface-level qualities.

Etymology and form: povrchový comes from povrch (surface) with the adjectival suffix -ový. When describing a feminine noun in instrumental, the form becomes povrchovou. Other feminine instrumental forms of the same adjective include povrchovou for notional reference to surface-related attributes. The relationship to the noun povrch is similar in Czech and Slovak, reflecting common historical roots in the West Slavic languages.

Usage: Povrchovou is most common in technical, scientific, and industrial language. Examples include povrchovou úpravou materiálu (by surface treatment of the material) and povrchovou vrstvou (the surface layer). It can also appear in descriptive phrases in everyday language to indicate surface-level qualities, such as povrchovou charakteristikou or povrchovou analýzou, depending on the governing noun and case. Because it is a grammatically inflected form, its exact spelling and ending depend on gender, number, and case of the noun it accompanies.

See also: povrchový, povrch, povrchová úprava, povrchová vrstva.