planarmagnetic

Planarmagnetic refers to magnetic phenomena, materials, or devices in which magnetism is confined to, or predominantly lies within, a single plane. The concept is commonly encountered in thin-film structures, multilayer stacks, and two-dimensional magnetic materials where planar magnetization or planar anisotropy governs behavior.

Physically, planarmagnetic behavior arises from magnetic anisotropy, demagnetizing effects, and engineered interfaces. In ultrathin ferromagnets, the easy magnetization axis often lies in the film plane, enabling in-plane magnetization even at modest fields. In two-dimensional magnets, long-range order can be stabilized by anisotropy or interlayer coupling, enabling planar magnetic states despite reduced dimensionality.

Materials and fabrication: Planar magnetism is realized in metallic thin films (for example Fe, Co, Ni), magnetic oxides, and van der Waals layered magnets such as CrI3 and Fe3GeTe2. Fabrication methods include sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy, and chemical vapor deposition, often combined with lithography to pattern planar devices.

Applications: Planarmagnetic concepts underpin planar magnetic sensors, magnetoresistive memory devices, and spintronic components integrated on chips, including in-plane magnetized memory cells and planar exchange-biased structures used in precision field sensing.

Terminology and scope: The term planarmagnetic is not uniformly standardized and may appear in niche literature or industry branding to emphasize two-dimensional confinement of magnetism. It is largely overlapping with discussions of two-dimensional magnetism, planar anisotropy, and thin-film magnetism, with ongoing research into stable planar magnetic states at room temperature.