obieg

Obieg is a Polish noun meaning the act or process of moving around, circulating, or flowing within a system. It derives from the verb obiegać, “to go around.” The term is used across disciplines to describe flow, distribution, or exchange within an organized structure, such as an economy, a market, or an administrative process.

In economics and finance, obieg denotes the circulation of money or goods within an economy. Obieg pieniężny refers to the money that actively circulates—cash and deposits that participate in exchanges—distinct from hoarded wealth. Obieg dóbr or obieg towarów describes the flow of goods and services from production to consumption through markets and supply chains.

In business and administration, obieg is used to describe the circulation or routing of documents, correspondence, invoices, and other records within an organization, i.e., the process of approving, distributing, and archiving paperwork. This sense emphasizes workflow and the movement of information and requirements through formal channels.

Other uses of obieg appear in technical or disciplinary contexts to denote cycles or loops within a system, such as circulation loops in mechanical or information processes. In biology, the concept of circulation is common, but the standard Polish terms for biological circulation are typically układ krążenia or krążenie rather than obieg.

Overall, obieg functions as a general term for circulation or flow, with specific applications in economics, administration, and technical fields, always grounded in the idea of movement within an established system.