npos

NPOs, or non-profit organizations, are entities that pursue a public or social benefit mission and reinvest any surplus revenues to advance their goals rather than distributing profits to owners or members. They operate across sectors such as health, education, humanitarian aid, culture, and advocacy. The term NPO is used in many jurisdictions and can be interchangeable with nonprofit organization or not-for-profit organization in some contexts.

They are legally established and governed by bylaws and a board of directors or trustees. They must meet regulatory requirements, maintain financial records, and file annual reports or tax returns. Many countries grant tax-exempt status, subject to restrictions on activity and reporting. In the United States, examples include charities organized as 501(c)(3) organizations; in other systems, different legal forms exist.

Funding typically comes from donations, grants, membership dues, service fees, and government or philanthropic support. They may employ staff and rely on volunteers for mission-critical work. Their objectives include delivering services, conducting research, public education, or advocating for policy changes.

NPOs contribute to civil society by providing services, promoting transparency, and enabling community development. They also face challenges such as fundraising volatility, governance and accountability requirements, risk of mission drift, and compliance with complex legal rules. Measuring and communicating impact, ensuring financial stewardship, and maintaining public trust are common priorities for these organizations.