mesopotámiai

Mesopotamia, a historical region in Western Asia, is situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. The name itself, derived from ancient Greek, translates to "land between the rivers." This fertile crescent area, encompassing modern-day Iraq, Kuwait, and parts of Syria and Turkey, played a pivotal role in the development of early human civilization. The abundance of water and fertile soil allowed for the rise of settled agriculture, which in turn supported the growth of complex societies and the first cities.

The region is renowned for being the cradle of some of the world's earliest civilizations, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. These cultures developed groundbreaking innovations such as writing (cuneiform), the wheel, irrigation systems, and early forms of mathematics and astronomy. City-states emerged, leading to advancements in governance, law, and monumental architecture. Over millennia, Mesopotamia experienced periods of empire and conquest, its history marked by the rise and fall of various dominant powers, each leaving their unique mark on the region's rich cultural and historical tapestry.