melkkanalen

Melkkanalen (milk ducts) are the network of ducts in the mammary gland that transport milk from the secretory units to the nipple. In mammals, milk is produced in alveolar cells organized into lobes. The alveoli drain into small ducts (ductuli lactiferi), which coalesce into larger ducts that converge toward the nipple.

The myoepithelial cells surrounding the ducts contract in response to oxytocin during the let-down reflex, aiding milk ejection. Hormonal regulation includes prolactin stimulating milk production, and oxytocin triggering milk release, with additional influence from estrogen and growth factors during pregnancy and lactation.

Structure varies among species in the number and arrangement of ducts, but the general organization—alveoli to ducts to the nipple—is conserved. In veterinary and medical contexts, milk duct disorders such as ductal obstruction or mastitis can affect milk flow and udder or breast health. Good milking practices, regular emptying of the mammary gland, and maintaining teat or nipple health are important for preventing complications.

The term melkkanalen may be used in Dutch-language texts and education to describe this component of the mammary system. See also mammary gland, lactation, lactiferous ducts.