meandirektion
Meandirektion, or mean direction, is a core concept in circular statistics describing the average orientation of a set of directions or angles. It is used when data are directional and lie on a circle, such as wind directions, migratory bearings, or geological orientations. The mean direction represents the orientation of the resultant vector obtained when each observed direction is represented as a unit vector on the circle.
To compute the mean direction for a set of N angles theta_i (typically in radians), one can
Notes and limitations: the mean direction is well defined for unimodal circular data but can be misleading
Applications span meteorology, biology, geology, and engineering, wherever directional data require a meaningful average orientation.