leggsyndroom

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, often referred to as Legg syndrome, is a rare but significant condition that primarily affects the hip joint in children and adolescents. It is characterized by the temporary loss of blood supply to the femoral head, the ball-shaped part of the hip joint that connects with the thighbone. This interruption in blood flow can lead to the weakening and flattening of the femoral head over time, causing pain and impaired mobility.

The exact cause of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease remains unclear, though it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, vascular, and environmental factors. It most commonly occurs in children aged 4 to 10 years, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. The condition is not contagious and does not typically affect adults, though it can sometimes reoccur in adulthood.

Symptoms often include pain in the hip or groin area, limited range of motion, and a noticeable limp. In some cases, the femoral head may appear irregular on X-rays, indicating the early stages of the disease. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, which help assess the extent of femoral head involvement.

Treatment varies depending on the severity and stage of the disease. Initial management often focuses on reducing pain and stabilizing the hip joint through physical therapy, bracing, or casting. In more severe cases, surgical interventions such as osteotomies (bone realignment procedures) or femoral head replacement may be necessary to restore function and prevent long-term complications like osteoarthritis.

Prognosis for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease varies widely. Many children recover well with appropriate treatment, though some may experience permanent changes in hip structure or function. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for optimizing outcomes. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is essential to monitor progression and adjust treatment plans as needed.