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lactatetopyruvate

Lactatetopyruvate is a nonstandard term used to denote the biochemical interconversion between lactate and pyruvate, specifically the oxidation of lactate to pyruvate. In biochemistry, this reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and proceeds with the reduction of NAD+ to NADH and H+. The overall reaction can be written as lactate + NAD+ ⇌ pyruvate + NADH + H+. The reaction is reversible, and its direction depends on cellular NAD+/NADH ratio and metabolic needs.

Under aerobic conditions, tissues such as the liver, heart, and oxidative muscles can convert lactate to pyruvate

The lactate-to-pyruvate conversion is a key component of broader metabolic concepts such as the lactate shuttle,

and
feed
into
the
mitochondria
for
oxidation
in
the
citric
acid
cycle.
In
anaerobic
conditions
or
in
tissues
with
high
glycolytic
flux,
pyruvate
is
reduced
to
lactate
to
regenerate
NAD+
for
glycolysis,
a
process
prominent
in
exercising
muscle
and
red
blood
cells.
LDH
exists
as
several
isoforms
(LDH-1
to
LDH-5)
with
tissue-specific
expression,
which
can
influence
the
kinetics
and
direction
of
the
reaction.
which
describes
the
transfer
of
reducing
equivalents
and
carbon
skeletons
between
tissues.
Dysregulation
of
this
balance
is
observed
in
metabolic
disorders
and
cancer,
where
elevated
lactate
production
can
occur
even
in
the
presence
of
oxygen
(the
Warburg
effect).
Note
that
lactatetopyruvate
is
not
a
widely
used
synonym
in
primary
literature;
standard
terminology
refers
to
the
LDH-catalyzed
oxidation
of
lactate
to
pyruvate
and
its
regulation
by
cellular
redox
state.