korsleting

Korsleting, in electrical engineering, refers to a condition where two points of an electrical circuit that are not intended to be at the same potential become connected by a conductor, creating a short circuit (short circuit). In practice, this means that a path of very low resistance bypasses the normal load, causing a large amount of current to flow from the source. This can damage components, trip protective devices, overheat wiring, and pose fire or shock hazards.

Common causes include damaged insulation, moisture ingress, faulty connections, wiring faults, or the accidental bridging of conductors by tools, metal objects, or accumulated debris. In households, short circuits often involve the live and neutral wires or a fault to ground.

Effects: An excessive current may blow fuses or trip circuit breakers, generate heat, discolor insulation, or damage equipment. Prolonged korsleting can degrade insulation, melt connectors, or start fires. In industrial settings, such faults can cause equipment downtime and safety risks for workers.

Detection and testing: Short circuits are usually revealed by protective devices tripping or by visual signs of overheating. Electrical testers, including multimeters in continuity or low-resistance modes, can help locate a short by measuring resistance between conductors. Caution: testing should be performed with the power off and appropriate personal protective equipment.

Safety and regulation: Korsleting is dangerous and typically illegal to cause intentionally. System design aims to minimize accidental short circuits through proper insulation, correct wiring practices, and protective devices, in accordance with electrical codes and standards. In testing environments, intentional short circuits are engineered under controlled conditions with current limits and supervision.