isobutylbenzene

Isobutylbenzene, also known as 1-methylpropylbenzene, is an aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of a benzene ring substituted by an isobutyl group (CH2-CH(CH3)2). Its molecular formula is C10H14. The compound is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic aromatic odor.

Industrially, isobutylbenzene is mainly prepared by Friedel–Crafts alkylation of benzene with isobutylating reagents such as isobutyl chloride or related alcohol-derived equivalents, using Lewis acid catalysts like AlCl3. It can also arise as a byproduct in other alkylation processes that introduce the isobutyl substituent onto the ring.

Properties and reactivity: Isobutylbenzene is relatively nonpolar and is sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in many organic solvents. Like other alkylbenzenes, the benzylic C–H bonds can be oxidized under strong conditions to benzoic acid, and the compound can serve as a precursor to a range of isobutyl-substituted aromatics through further functionalization.

Applications: It is used as an intermediate in the production of fragrances, resins, and various chemical syntheses. It provides a route to more complex isobutyl-substituted aromatic compounds, including ketones and phenyl derivatives, via standard alkylation, oxidation, and arylation transformations.

Safety: Isobutylbenzene is a flammable liquid. It can be an irritant to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract. Proper handling includes good ventilation, avoidance of inhalation and skin contact, and storage away from ignition sources and oxidizers.