groundless

Groundless is an adjective used to describe statements, beliefs, or fears that lack justification, evidence, or a reasonable basis. A groundless claim is one that cannot be supported by facts, logic, or credible sources, and is often contrasted with claims that are well-founded or evidence-based. The term emphasizes the absence of a ground or basis for belief rather than the presence of incorrectness.

Etymology and usage: Groundless is formed from ground, meaning basis or justification, plus the suffix -less, indicating absence. The word has been in use in English for several centuries and is common in formal, journalistic, and legal writing. In everyday speech, people often use groundless to signal that an accusation or fear is not supported by evidence.

Distinctions: Groundless is closely related to baseless and unfounded. Some stylistic differences exist: baseless sometimes implies lack of evidence; unfounded can imply moral or factual invalidity. In legal contexts, the term groundless can be used to describe charges, suits, or motions that lack merit, though more precise terms are often preferred.

Context and examples: A journalist may label a rumor groundless after verification. An organization might dismiss groundless accusations to prevent reputational harm. In philosophy or critical thinking, discussing a ground for belief centers on identifying whether there is a solid justification; a belief without such a ground is considered groundless.

See also: baseless, unfounded, lack of evidence, justification.