gramatyczny

Gramatyczny is a Polish adjective meaning grammatical or pertaining to grammar. It is used to describe features, rules, or structures that relate to grammar, as opposed to spelling, pronunciation, or meaning. The noun form for the study of grammar is gramatyka, and the related noun gramatyczność denotes grammaticality—the property of being grammatical.

Etymology and related terms: Gramatyczny derives from gramatyka (grammar), which comes from Medieval Latin grammatica and Greek grammatikē, reflecting the word’s long history in the study of language. Cognates appear in many languages, such as German grammatisch and Russian grammatičeskij, all sharing the same root referring to grammar and its rules.

Morphology: In Polish, gramatyczny inflects like other adjectives. Singular: masculine gramatyczny, feminine gramatyczna, neuter gramatyczne. Plural: masculine personal gramatyczni, non‑masculine personal and neuter/grand plural forms gramatyczne. The noun form gramatyką is used with related phrases, and the abstract noun gramatyczność means grammaticality or the degree to which something conforms to the rules of grammar.

Usage: Gramatyczny appears in both descriptive linguistics and everyday language. Examples include gramatyczny błąd (a grammatical error), zasady gramatyczne (grammatical rules), and konstrukcja gramatyczna (a grammatical construction). It is often contrasted with related terms such as ortograficzny (orthographic) and fonetyczny (phonetic).

See also: Gramatyka, Gramatyczność, Ortografia, Fonetyka.