fénytöréses

Fénytöréses refers to the phenomenon of refraction in Hungarian. Refraction is the bending of a wave, such as light, as it passes from one medium to another. This change in direction occurs because the speed of the wave changes as it enters a new medium. The amount of bending depends on the difference in the refractive indices of the two media and the angle at which the wave strikes the boundary.

When light travels from a less dense medium, like air, to a denser medium, like water or glass, it slows down and bends towards the normal, an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface. Conversely, when light travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium, it speeds up and bends away from the normal. This principle is responsible for many everyday optical illusions, such as a straw appearing bent in a glass of water, or the apparent shallowing of a swimming pool.

The mathematical description of refraction is governed by Snell's Law, which relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of the two media. Fénytöréses is a fundamental concept in optics and plays a crucial role in the design of lenses used in eyeglasses, telescopes, microscopes, and cameras, allowing for the manipulation and focusing of light to form images. Understanding this phenomenon is essential for various scientific and technological applications.