fivespotted

Fivespotted is a vernacular descriptor used in English to designate organisms that display five distinct spots on a defined body region. It is not a formal taxonomic name, and there is no single species universally identified as 'fivespotted.' Instead, the term appears in common names across diverse groups—such as insects, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes—where the five-spot pattern is a notable field mark.

The exact meaning of 'five spots' can vary by region and life stage. Some organisms show five spots on the dorsal surface as adults; others may have juveniles with five spots that fade or merge in maturity. In some cases, spots may be variable due to wear, injury, or pigmentation.

Functionally, linear or pentagonal arrangements of spots can aid camouflage by breaking up body outlines, or serve in mating displays or species recognition, depending on the taxon. Because it is a descriptive attribute rather than a taxonomic rank, fivespotted terminology is typically used informally in field guides and amateur observations. Scientists recording specimens describe the spot pattern in detail to ensure clear identification.

See also: four-spotted, six-spotted, spot patterns in animals.