fibrinrich

Fibrin-rich describes biomaterials or preparations in which fibrin constitutes a major structural component. Fibrin is a fibrous protein produced by conversion of fibrinogen by thrombin during clot formation; in fibrin-rich products, a three-dimensional fibrin network provides a provisional extracellular matrix that can support cell adhesion, migration, and growth factor release. These products are often derived autologously from a patient's blood or from donor plasma, helping reduce immune responses and infection risk.

Common forms include platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), produced by centrifuging whole blood without anticoagulants to form a fibrin clot enriched with platelets and leukocytes, which can be used as a membrane or compressed into a sponge. Fibrin sealants (fibrin glue) are prepared by mixing fibrinogen and thrombin to form a cohesive gel used to achieve hemostasis and tissue adherence. Other fibrin-rich matrices may be processed into sponges, gels, or injectable hydrogels for research or clinical use.

Used in dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, dermatology, and regenerative medicine as scaffolds to support wound healing, soft-tissue repair, and bone regeneration. The fibrin network supports angiogenesis and serves as a reservoir for growth factors released from platelets and leukocytes over time.

Variability in preparation methods, composition, and patient factors leads to inconsistent results; standardization is limited; high-quality evidence is variable across indications; regulatory and safety considerations depend on source material. Fibrin-rich materials remain an active area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.